Ngwa nke α-alumina na ọhụrụalumina seramiiki
N'agbanyeghi na enwere otutu ihe di iche iche nke seramiiki ohuru, enwere ike kewaa ha n'ime uzo ato dika oru ha na ojiji ha si di: ceramics na-aru oru (nke a makwaara dika seramiki eletrọnịkị), seramiki nrụzi (nke a makwaara dị ka seramiki engineering) na bioceramics. Dị ka ihe dị iche iche akụrụngwa eji eme ihe, ha nwere ike kewaa n'ime oxide ceramik, nitride ceramik, boride ceramik, carbide ceramik na metal seramiiki. N'ime ha, alumina ceramics dị ezigbo mkpa, na akụrụngwa ya bụ α-alumina ntụ ntụ nke nkọwa dị iche iche.
A na-eji α-alumina eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na-emepụta ihe dị iche iche seramiiki ọhụrụ n'ihi ike ya dị elu, ike siri ike, elu okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, na-eyi nguzogide na ihe ndị ọzọ magburu onwe ya. Ọ bụghị nanị na a ntụ ntụ akụrụngwa maka elu alumina ceramics dị ka integrated sekit substrates, wuru bara nnukwu uru, ịcha ngwá ọrụ, wuru ọkpụkpụ, wdg, ma nwekwara ike ga-eji dị ka a phosphor ụgbọelu, elu refractory ihe, pụrụ iche egweri ihe, wdg Site na mmepe nke oge a sayensị na nkà na ụzụ, ngwa ubi nke α-alumina na-ngwa ngwa na-amụbawanye, na-amụbawanye ahịa na-atụ anya nke ukwuu.
Ngwa nke α-alumina na seramiki na-arụ ọrụ
ceramik na-arụ ọrụrụtụ aka na seramiki dị elu nke na-eji eletrik ha, magnetik, acoustic, ngwa anya, thermal na ihe ndị ọzọ ma ọ bụ mmetụta njikọ ha iji nweta otu ọrụ. Ha nwere ọtụtụ ihe ọkụ eletrik dị ka mkpuchi, dielectric, piezoelectric, thermoelectric, semiconductor, ion conductivity na superconductivity, ya mere ha nwere ọtụtụ ọrụ na ngwa ngwa dị oke oke. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ndị bụ isi etinyere n'ọrụ bara uru n'ọtụtụ buru ibu bụ ceramics insulating maka ihe mgbakwunye sekit agbakwunyere na nkwakọ ngwaahịa, seramiki ụgbọ ala spark insulating ceramics, capacitor dielectric ceramics nke a na-ejikarị na telivishọn na ndị na-edekọ vidiyo, ceramics piezoelectric nwere ọtụtụ ojiji na seramiki nwere mmetụta maka sensọ dị iche iche. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a na-ejikwa ha maka ọkụ ọkụ sodium na-eme ka ọkụ na-emepụta tubes.
1. Spark nkwụnye mkpuchi seramiki
Spark plug insulating ceramik bụ naanị ngwa kachasị ukwuu nke ceramik na injin. N'ihi na alumina nwere mkpuchi ọkụ eletrik dị mma, ike igwe dị elu, nguzogide nrụgide dị elu na nguzogide ujo, a na-eji ọkụ ọkụ alumina eme ihe n'ụwa niile. Ihe a chọrọ maka α-alumina maka spark plọg bụ obere sodium α-alumina micropowders, nke ọdịnaya sodium oxide bụ ≤0.05% na nkezi urughuru nha bụ 325 ntupu.
2. Ngwakọta sekit jikọtara ọnụ na ihe nkwakọ ngwaahịa
Ceramics eji dị ka ihe mkpụrụ na ihe nkwakọ ngwaahịa dị elu karịa plastik n'akụkụ ndị a: nguzogide mkpuchi dị elu, nguzogide corrosion kemịkalụ dị elu, mkpuchi dị elu, mgbochi ntinye mmiri, enweghị mmeghachi omume, yana enweghị mmetọ na silicon semiconductor dị ọcha. The Njirimara nke α-alumina chọrọ maka integrated circuit substrates na nkwakọ ihe bụ: thermal mgbasa ọnụọgụ 7.0 × 10-6 / ℃, thermal conductivity 20-30W / K · m (ime ụlọ okpomọkụ), dielectric mgbe niile 9-12 (IMHZ), dielectric ọnwụ 3 ~ 10-4 (IMHz), olu resistivity> 10Ω1.
Site na arụmọrụ dị elu na njikọta dị elu nke sekit agbakwunyere, a na-etinyekwu ihe ndị siri ike maka ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na nkwakọ ngwaahịa:
Ka ọgbọ okpomọkụ nke mgbawa na-abawanye, a na-achọrọ conductivity nke okpomọkụ dị elu.
N'iji ọsọ dị elu nke ngwa ngwa kọmputa, a chọrọ obere dielectric mgbe niile.
Achọrọ ọnụọgụ mgbasawanye thermal ka ọ dị nso na silicon. Nke a na-etinye ihe ndị dị elu chọrọ na α-alumina, ya bụ, ọ na-etolite na ntụziaka nke ịdị ọcha dị elu na ịdị mma.
3. Igwe ọkụ na-ebunye ọkụ sodium dị elu
ceramik dị mmamere nke elu-ọcha ultrafine alumina dị ka akụrụngwa nwere àgwà nke elu okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, corrosion iguzogide, mma mkpuchi, elu ike, wdg, na bụ magburu onwe ngwa anya seramiiki ihe. Polycrystalline transperent mere nke alumina dị ọcha nke nwere obere magnesium oxide, iridium oxide ma ọ bụ ihe mgbakwunye iridium oxide, nke mere site na ikuku ikuku na ịpị ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, nwere ike iguzogide corrosion nke ikuku sodium dị elu ma nwee ike iji ya dị ka ọkụ ọkụ sodium dị elu na-enye ọkụ ọkụ na-enwu ọkụ.
Ngwa nke α-alumina na seramiki nhazi
Dị ka ihe inorganic biomedical, ihe bioceramic enweghị mmetụta ndị na-egbu egbu ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe ọla na ihe polymer, ma nwee ezigbo bioacompatibility na nguzogide corrosion na anụ ahụ dị ndụ. Ndị mmadụ ejirila ha kpọrọ ihe. Nnyocha na ngwa ụlọ ọgwụ nke ihe bioceramic etolitela site na ndochi na njuputa na-adịru nwa oge ruo na ntinye na-adịgide adịgide na nke siri ike, na site na ihe inert nke ndu na ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ ndụ na ihe mejupụtara multiphase.
Na-adịbeghị anya, porousalumina seramiikiejirila na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ na-arụ ọrụ, nkwonkwo ikpere ikpere, isi femoral artificial, ọkpụkpụ ndị ọzọ na-emepụta ihe, mgbọrọgwụ ezé artificial, ọkpụkpụ nhazi ọkpụkpụ, na nrụzi corneal n'ihi nguzogide corrosion nke kemịkalụ ha, na-eyi nguzogide, ezigbo nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ dị elu, na ihe ndị na-ekpo ọkụ. Usoro nke ịchịkwa pore size n'oge nkwadebe nke porous alumina ceramics bụ ịgwakọta alumina irighiri ihe dị iche iche urughuru nha, ụfụfụ impregnate, na ifesa ahụ kpọrọ nkụ. Enwere ike ime ka efere alumini mee anod iji mepụta oghere nano-ọnụ ọgụgụ microporous nke ụdị ọwa.