Laser "ọkpụkpụ" diamond: iji ọkụ na-emeri ihe kachasị ike

diamondbụ ihe kacha sie ike na okike, ma ọ bụghị naanị ọla. Ihe a nwere ihe na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ ugboro ise ngwa ngwa karịa ọla kọpa, nwere ike iguzogide oke okpomọkụ na radieshon, nwere ike ibunye ọkụ, mkpuchi, na ọbụna nwere ike gbanwee ghọọ semiconductor. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ "ndị dị ike" ndị a na-eme ka diamond bụrụ ihe "kachasị siri ike" ịhazi - ngwá ọrụ ọdịnala enweghị ike igbutu ya ma ọ bụ hapụ mgbawa. Ọ bụghị ruo mgbe ọbịbịa nke teknụzụ laser ka ụmụ mmadụ mechara chọta igodo iji merie "eze ihe" a.

Gịnị mere laser nwere ike "bee" diamond?

Were ya na ị na-eji ugegbe na-ebuli elu lekwasị anya n'ìhè anyanwụ iji gbaa akwụkwọ. Ụkpụrụ nke diamond nhazi laser yiri nke ahụ, ma karịa nke ọma. Mgbe ọkụ laser dị elu na-eme ka diamond na-egbuke egbuke, ihe a na-ahụ anya "carbon atom metamorphosis" na-apụta:

1. diamond amama n'ime graphite: The laser ike na-agbanwe elu diamond Ọdịdị (sp³) n'ime softer graphite (sp²), dị nnọọ ka diamond ozugbo "degenerates" n'ime a pensụl ụzọ.

2. Graphite bụ "ekupụ": graphite oyi akwa sublimates na elu okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ etched site oxygen, na-ahapụ kpọmkwem nhazi akara. 3. Nchọpụta isi: ntụpọ Na tiori, diamond zuru oke nwere ike ịhazi ya naanị site na laser ultraviolet (ogologo ogologo <229 nm), mana n'eziokwu, diamond artificial na-enwekarị obere ntụpọ (dị ka adịghị ọcha na oke ọka). Nrụrụ ndị a dị ka “oghere” nke na-enye ohere itinye ọkụ ọkụ nkịtị (532 nm) ma ọ bụ laser infrared (1064 nm). Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nwere ike ọbụna "inye iwu" laser ka ọ kpụọ otu ụkpụrụ na diamond site n'ịhazi nkesa ntụpọ.

Ụdị Laser: Evolushọn site na "ọkụ ọkụ" gaa na "ice ice"

Laser nhazi na-agwakọta kọmputa numeral akara usoro, elu ngwa anya usoro, na elu-nkenke na akpaghị aka workpiece n'ọnọdu na-etolite a nnyocha na mmepụta center. Tinyere na nhazi diamond, ọ nwere ike nweta nhazi nke ọma na nke dị elu.

1. Microsecond laser nhazi Microsecond laser usu obosara bụ obosara na-adịkarị mma maka ike ike nhazi. Tupu mmalite nke teknụzụ mkpọchi ọnọdụ, pulses laser na-anọkarị n'okirikiri microsecond na nanosecond. Ugbu a, enwere akụkọ ole na ole gbasara nhazi diamond ozugbo na laser microsecond, na ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-elekwasị anya na mpaghara nhazi ngwa azụ azụ.

2. Nanosecond laser nhazi Nanosecond lasers ugbu a na-eji nnukwu ahịa ahịa ma nwee uru nke nkwụsi ike dị mma, ọnụ ala, na obere nhazi oge. A na-eji ha eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ. Otú ọ dị, usoro ablation laser nanosecond bụ ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-emebi ihe nlele ahụ, na ngosipụta macroscopic bụ na nhazi ahụ na-emepụta nnukwu mpaghara okpomọkụ na-emetụta.

3. Picosecond laser nhazi Picosecond laser nhazi bụ n'etiti nanosecond laser thermal equilibrium ablation na femtosecond laser oyi nhazi. Ogologo oge pulse na-ebelata nke ukwuu, nke na-ebelata oke mmebi nke mpaghara okpomọkụ na-emetụta.

4. Femtosecond laser nhazi teknụzụ Ultrafast laser na-eweta ohere maka nhazi nke ọma diamond, ma ọnụ ahịa dị elu na ụgwọ mmezi nke femtosecond lasers na-egbochi nkwalite nke ụzọ nhazi. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, nchọpụta kachasị emetụtara na-anọgide na ọkwa ụlọ nyocha.

Mmechi

Site na "enweghị ike ịkpụ" gaa na "ịkpụ na uche", teknụzụ laser emeeladiamond abụghịzi “oze” tọrọ n'ime ụlọ nyocha. Site na iteration nke teknụzụ, n'ọdịnihu anyị nwere ike ịhụ: ibe diamond na-ekesa okpomọkụ na ekwentị mkpanaaka, kọmpụta quantum na-eji diamond na-echekwa ozi, na ọbụna diamond biosensors etinyere n'ime ahụ mmadụ… Nke a na-agba egwu nke ìhè na diamond na-agbanwe ndụ anyị.