Ihe ọhụrụ alumina ntụ ntụ na ihe obibi akwụkwọ 3D
Ije ije n'ime ụlọ nyocha nke Mahadum Northwestern Polytechnic, ebe a na-agwọ ọkụIgwe nbipute 3D na-ada ụda ntakịrị, ogwe laser ahụ na-agagharị kpọmkwem n'ime ihe mkpuchi seramiiki ahụ. Naanị awa ole na ole ka e mesịrị, e gosipụtara isi seramiiki nwere usoro dị mgbagwoju anya dị ka maze zuru oke - a ga-eji ya tụba agụba turbine nke injin ụgbọelu. Prọfesọ Su Haijun, onye na-ahụ maka ọrụ ahụ, tụrụ aka na akụkụ dị nro wee sị: "Afọ atọ gara aga, anyị anwaghị anwa iche echiche banyere izi ezi dị otú ahụ. Isi ihe ọhụrụ a zoro ezo n'ime ntụ alumina a na-ahụghị anya."
N'oge gara aga, seramiiki alumina dị ka "nwa akwụkwọ nwere nsogbu" n'ọhịaMbipụta 3D– ike dị elu, oke okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, ezigbo mkpuchi, mana ozugbo e bipụtachara ya, o nwere ọtụtụ nsogbu. N'okpuru usoro ọdịnala, ntụ alumina anaghị enwe mmiri mmiri nke ọma ma na-egbochikarị isi mbipụta; ọnụego mbelata n'oge sintering nwere ike ịdị elu ruo 15%-20%, akụkụ ndị e bipụtakwara na nnukwu mgbalị ga-agbanwe ma gbawaa ozugbo ọkụ gbara ha; ihe owuwu dị mgbagwoju anya? Ọ ka bụ ihe okomoko. Ndị injinia na-enwe nsogbu: "Ihe a dị ka onye omenkà siri ike, nwere echiche ọjọọ mana aka ya ezughị oke."
1. Usoro Rọshịa: Itinye "ihe agha seramiiki" n'elualuminommatriks
Mgbanwe mbụ malitere site na mgbanwe n'ime imewe ihe. Na 2020, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ihe onwunwe sitere na Mahadum Sayensị na Teknụzụ Mba (NUST MISIS) nke Russia kwupụtara teknụzụ na-akpata nsogbu. Kama ịgwakọta ntụ ntụ aluminom oxide, ha tinyere ntụ ntụ aluminom dị ọcha n'ime autoclave ma jiri hydrothermal oxidation "tọlite" oyi akwa nke ihe nkiri aluminom oxide nwere ọkpụrụkpụ a na-achịkwa nke ọma n'elu ihe ọ bụla aluminom, dịka itinye oyi akwa nke agha nano-level na bọọlụ aluminom. Ntụ ntụ "isi-shell" a na-egosi arụmọrụ dị egwu n'oge mbipụta laser 3D (teknụzụ SLM): ike siri ike dị 40% karịa nke ihe aluminom dị ọcha, a na-emezikwa nkwụsi ike dị elu nke ukwuu, na-emezu ihe achọrọ maka ọkwa ụgbọelu.
Prọfesọ Alexander Gromov, onye ndu ọrụ ahụ, mere ihe atụ doro anya: “N'oge gara aga, ihe ndị mejupụtara ya dị ka salad - onye ọ bụla na-ahụ maka ọrụ nke ya; ntụ ntụ anyị dị ka sanwichi - aluminom na alumina na-ata ibe ha n'otu oyi akwa, ọ dịghịkwa onye nwere ike ime ya na-enweghị nke ọzọ.” Njikọ siri ike a na-enye ohere ka ihe ahụ gosipụta ike ya na akụkụ injin ụgbọelu na okpokolo agba ahụ dị oke ọkụ, ọbụnadị na-amalite ịma aka ókèala nke titanium alloys.
2. Amamihe ndị China: anwansi nke seramiiki "ịtọ"
Isi ihe na-afụ ụfụ nke mbipụta seramiiki alumina bụ mbelata sintering - chee na ị gwakọtara ihe oyiyi ụrọ nke ọma, ọ wee daa ruo nha nduku ozugbo ọ banyere n'ime oven. Ego ole ka ọ ga-ada? Na mbido 2024, nsonaazụ nke ndị otu Prọfesọ Su Haijun bipụtara na Mahadum Northwestern Polytechnical na Journal of Materials Science & Technology malitere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ: ha nwetara isi seramiiki alumina fọrọ nke nta ka ọ ghara ịda mbà nke nwere ọnụego mbelata nke naanị 0.3%.
Ihe nzuzo bụ ịgbakwunyentụ ntụ aluminomiji alumina wee kpọọ "anwansi ikuku" kpọmkwem.
Tinye ntụ ntụ aluminom: Gwakọta 15% nke ntụ ntụ aluminom dị mma n'ime ihe mkpuchi seramiiki
Jikwaa ikuku: Jiri ihe nchebe gas argon na mmalite nke sintering iji gbochie ntụ aluminom ka ọ ghara ịcha.
Mgbanwe Smart: Mgbe okpomọkụ ruru 1400°C, gbanwee ikuku na mberede ka ọ bụrụ ikuku
Oxidation n'ime ụlọ: Ntụ ntụ aluminom na-agbaze ozugbo ka ọ bụrụ ntapụ mmiri ma oxidize ka ọ bụrụ aluminom oxide, mmụba olu na-ebelatakwa mkpụmkpụ
3. Mgbanwe nke ihe ndọta: ntụ ntụ aluminom na-aghọ "gluu a na-anaghị ahụ anya"
Ọ bụ ezie na ndị otu Russia na China na-arụsi ọrụ ike na mgbanwe ntụ ntụ, ụzọ teknụzụ ọzọ etoola nwayọ - iji ntụ aluminom dị ka ihe njikọta.Mbipụta 3Dihe ndị e ji ejikọta ihe bụkarị ihe ndị e ji emepụta ihe ndị sitere n'okike, nke ga-ahapụ oghere mgbe a gbara ya ọkụ n'oge a na-eme ka mmanụ ghara ịdị ọcha. Patent nke otu ndị otu ime obodo nke afọ 2023 na-ewere ụzọ dị iche: ime ka ntụ aluminom bụrụ ihe e ji agwakọta ihe ndị sitere na mmiri47.
N'oge mbipụta akwụkwọ, nozzle ahụ na-efesa "glue" nke nwere 50-70% ntụ aluminom n'elu oyi akwa ntụ aluminom oxide nke ọma. Mgbe ọ bịara n'oge mwepụ mmanụ, a na-adọta vacuum ma na-agafe oxygen, a na-emekwa ka ntụ aluminom ahụ dị ka aluminom oxide na 200-800°C. Àgwà nke mmụba olu karịa 20% na-enye ya ohere ijupụta oghere ndị ahụ nke ọma ma belata ọnụego mkpụchi ruo ihe na-erughị 5%. "Ọ dị ka ịkwatu ihe owuwu ahụ ma wuo mgbidi ọhụrụ n'otu oge, na-ejupụta oghere nke gị!" otu injinia kọwara ya n'ụzọ a.
4. Nkà nke ihe ndị dị n'ime ya: mmeri nke ntụ ntụ gburugburu
"Ọdịdị" nke ntụ alumina aghọọla isi ihe na-eme ka ihe pụta ìhè na mberede - ọdịdị a na-ezo aka na ọdịdị nke ihe ndị ahụ. Nnyocha e mere na akwụkwọ akụkọ "Open Ceramics" na 2024 tụnyere arụmọrụ nke ntụ alumina gburugburu na nke na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe na mbipụta a na-etinye n'ime ihe ndị ...akpọ fused deposition (CF³)5:
Ntụ ntụ gburugburu: na-asọ dị ka ájá dị mma, ọnụego njupụta gafere 60%, mbipụta ahụ dịkwa ire ụtọ ma na-acha silky
Ntụ ntụ na-adịghị mma: rapaara dị ka shuga siri ike, viscosity ya dị okpukpu iri anọ karịa, a na-egbochikwa ihe mkpuchi ahụ iji nwee obi abụọ banyere ndụ
Nke ka mma bụ na njupụta nke akụkụ ndị e ji ntụ ntụ gburugburu bipụta gafere 89% ngwa ngwa mgbe e sichara ha, ihe e ji kpuchie elu ya na-emezukwa kpọmkwem ihe a chọrọ. "Ònye ka na-eji ntụ ntụ "ọjọọ" ugbu a? Mmiri mmiri bụ irè ọgụ!" Onye ọrụ teknụzụ mụmụrụ ọnụ ọchị wee kwubie5.
Ọdịnihu: Kpakpando na oké osimiri na obere na mara mma na-ebikọ ọnụ
Mgbanwe mbipụta 3D nke ntụ alumina agwụchabeghị. Ụlọ ọrụ ndị agha ebutela ụzọ n'itinye ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-adịghị mma iji mepụta agụba turbofan; ngalaba biomedical ewerela mmasị na biocompatibility ya ma malite ibipụta ihe ndị e tinyere n'ọkpụkpụ ahaziri ahazi; ụlọ ọrụ eletrọnịkị elekwasịla anya na ihe ndị na-eme ka okpomọkụ gbasaa - e kwuwerị, ike okpomọkụ na ike eletrik nke alumina agaghị agbanwe agbanwe.